Wednesday 24 August 2022

Page 1 critique - "Senlin Ascends" by Josiah Bancroft

This continues the reprisal my series of page 1 critiques - you can read about the project HERE, and there's a list of all the critiques so far too.

I'm also posting some of these on my Youtube channel (like, subscribe yadda yadda).

I turn this time to one of my favorite books: Senlin Ascends, by Josiah Bancroft.

I have reviewed the book.

First of all I'm going to cut and paste the disclaimers, and anyone prone to outrage really should read them:

It's very hard to separate one's tastes from a technical critique. There are page 1s from popular books with which I would find multiple faults. I didn't, for example, like page 1 of Terry Goodkind's Wizard's First Rule (I didn't pursue the rest of the book). But that book has 150,000+ ratings on Goodreads, a great average score of 4.12 and Goodkind is a #1 NYT bestseller. His first page clearly did a great job for many people.

I'm not always right *hushed gasp*. You will likely be able to find a successful and highly respected author who will tell you the opposite to practically every bit of advice I give. Possibly not the same author in each case though.

The art of receiving criticism is to take what's useful to you and discard the rest. You need sufficient confidence in your own vision/voice such that whilst criticism may cause you to adjust course you're not about to do a U-turn for anyone. If you act on every bit of advice you'll get crit-burn, your story will be pulled in different directions by different people. It will stop being yours and turn into some Frankenstein's monster that nobody will ever want to read.

Additionally - don't get hurt or look for revenge. The person critiquing you is almost always trying to help you (it's true in some groups there will be the occasional person who is jealous/mean/misguided but that's the exception, not the rule). That person has put in effort on your behalf. If they don't like your prose it's not personal - they didn't just slap your baby.


I've flicked through some of the pages looking for one where I have something to say - something that hopefully is useful to the author and to anyone else reading the post.


I've posted the unadulterated page first then again with comments inset and at the end.

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It was a four-day journey by train from the coast to the desert where the Tower of Babel rose like a tusk from the jaw of the Earth. First, they had crossed pastureland, spotted with fattening cattle and charmless hamlets, and then their train had climbed through a range of snow-veined mountains where condors roosted in nests large as haystacks. Already, they were further from home than they had ever been. They descended through shale foothills, which he said reminded him of a field of shattered blackboards, through cypress trees, which she said looked like open parasols, and finally they came upon the arid basin. The ground was the color of rusted chains, and the dust of it clung to everything. The desert was far from deserted. Their train shared a direction with a host of caravans, each a slithering line of wheels, hooves and feet. Over the course of the morning, the bands of traffic thickened until they converged into a great mass so dense that their train was forced to slow to a crawl. Their cabin seemed to wade through the boisterous tide of stagecoaches and ox-drawn wagons, through the tourists, pilgrims, migrants, and merchants from every state in the vast nation of Ur.

Thomas Senlin and Marya, his new bride, peered at the human menagerie through the open window of their sunny sleeper car. Her china white hand lay weightlessly atop his long fingers. A little troop of red-breasted soldiers slouched by on palominos, parting a family in checkered headscarves on camelback. The trumpet of elephants sounded over the clack of the train, and here and there in the hot winds high above them, airships lazed, drifting inexorably towards the Tower of Babel. The balloons that held the ships aloft were as colorful as maypoles.

Since turning toward the Tower, they had been unable to see the grand spire from their cabin window. But this did not discourage Senlin’s description of it. “There is a lot of debate over how many levels there are. Some scholars say there are fifty-two, others say as many as sixty. It’s impossible to judge from the ground,” Senlin said, continuing the litany of facts he’d brought to his young wife’s attention over the course of their journey. “A number of men, mostly aeronauts and mystics, say that they have seen the top of it. Of course, none of them have any evidence to back up their boasts. Some of those explorers even claim that the Tower is still being raised, if you can believe that.” These trivial facts comforted him, as all facts did. Thomas Senlin was a reserved and naturally timid man who took confidence in schedules and regimens and written accounts.


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It's worth noting that this page one does not do one of the main things I suggest for a page 1.

It doesn't give us a problem, and as such there's almost no tension in the piece. 

So, let's look at the page and see what's going on. 


It was a four-day journey by train from the coast to the desert where the Tower of Babel rose like a tusk from the jaw of the Earth.


It's not a spectacular line 1. It does, however, quickly establish a potential setting (on a train - confirmed on line 2) and offer a nice simile, which in a 'start as you mean to go on' opens us up to the idea that the quality of the prose is going to be a selling point here.


 First, they had crossed pastureland, spotted with fattening cattle and charmless hamlets, and then their train had climbed through a range of snow-veined mountains where condors roosted in nests large as haystacks. 


We're pretty sure we're still on this train now. We're getting the romance of travel, combined with a touch of character delivered via the description. "Charmless" is judgemental. Already we're getting a taste of the as yet unseen point-of-view character. The eponymous Senlin.


Already, they were further from home than they had ever been.


This is really the only hint of tension in the page. For me it echoes a moment in first Lord of the Rings film:

Sam: This is it.

Frodo: What?

Sam: If I take one more step, I'll be the farthest away from home I've ever been.

Frodo: Come on, Sam. Remember what Bilbo used to say: "It's a dangerous business, Frodo, going out your door. You step onto the road, and if you don't keep your feet, there's no telling where you might be swept off to."


- Intentional or not, this echo allows that one short line to punch above its weight.


They descended through shale foothills, which he said reminded him of a field of shattered blackboards, through cypress trees, which she said looked like open parasols,


And here, again, Bancroft does that thing I bang on about with regards to description. Senlin is an introverted school teacher - he sees blackboards, Marya is more gregarious, she sees parasols. The description cuts both ways. That's good writing.


The characters are introduced as 'he' and 'she' - curiosity draws us on, we're not burdened with information, names, especially full names, can wait.


 and finally they came upon the arid basin. The ground was the color of rusted chains, and the dust of it clung to everything. The desert was far from deserted.


Nice flexing of the language. Playful in places.

Note: we don't have a 'problem', but we do have 'action' of a sort, we have motion, a sense of direction, the excitement of arrival. This carries the load, allowing the characters to integrate themselves gently. No "Thomas Senlin, a thin, schoolteacher in his mid thirties." hitting you in the face before you give a damn. 


 Their train shared a direction with a host of caravans, each a slithering line of wheels, hooves and feet. Over the course of the morning, the bands of traffic thickened until they converged into a great mass so dense that their train was forced to slow to a crawl. Their cabin seemed to wade through the boisterous tide of stagecoaches and ox-drawn wagons, through the tourists, pilgrims, migrants, and merchants from every state in the vast nation of Ur.


Nice imagery, a boisterous tide. A building sense of excitement - a convergence, arriving at last.


Thomas Senlin and Marya, his new bride, peered at the human menagerie through the open window of their sunny sleeper car. Her china white hand lay weightlessly atop his long fingers. A little troop of red-breasted soldiers slouched by on palominos, parting a family in checkered headscarves on camelback. The trumpet of elephants sounded over the clack of the train, and here and there in the hot winds high above them, airships lazed, drifting inexorably towards the Tower of Babel. The balloons that held the ships aloft were as colorful as maypoles.


A diverse crowd, feeling as if people from all corners are converging. No urgency but an inevitability. Drifting inexorably - not just the airships.


Since turning toward the Tower, they had been unable to see the grand spire from their cabin window. But this did not discourage Senlin’s description of it. “There is a lot of debate over how many levels there are. Some scholars say there are fifty-two, others say as many as sixty. It’s impossible to judge from the ground,” Senlin said, continuing the litany of facts he’d brought to his young wife’s attention over the course of their journey. “A number of men, mostly aeronauts and mystics, say that they have seen the top of it. Of course, none of them have any evidence to back up their boasts. Some of those explorers even claim that the Tower is still being raised, if you can believe that.” These trivial facts comforted him, as all facts did. Thomas Senlin was a reserved and naturally timid man who took confidence in schedules and regimens and written accounts.

And here we get dialogue - or really monologue - Marya doesn't speak until page 5. 

It's a miniature info dump but it's educating us, and it's a teacher doing the educating. It tells us more about Senlin and about the dynamic between him and his younger wife. If prompts a number of questions both about the tower itself - how can people not know this stuff? And about the nature of the two characters' relationship - how did this reserved and timid school teacher end up with a young wife?


All in all though, despite being really well written on a line by line basis, this isn't - for me - a great page 1. Which goes to show that you can start a fabulous book with a fairly modest page one.


On the other hand, frequent criticisms, among the small minority who really didn't like this book, include the idea that it's slow, and that they didn't warm to the main character.

The answers here are that in some senses it is slow, and the lack of strong hooks on page 1 are an indication that Bancroft isn't playing that game. The hooks are the prose, and the idea of the tower. If those aren't sufficient, you may be in the wrong place.

Senlin is on a journey - we see it here, literally, in the title, and through the book. If he started as a simple, loveable character then there wouldn't be much of a journey to make, or it would have to be a downhill one. 

This is an excellent read and I commend it to you!







Wednesday 17 August 2022

Description

I describe description - the most important rule in writing!

OK. So this is clickbait. There are no rules in writing. Even grammar can be messed with, from punctuation to tenses and back again.

Writing rules are more of a pirates' code, for rather lackadaisical pirates. Writers should consider themselves the pirates of the Word Seas.

The important thing to note, if you've found this article on my blog, is that it's largely a visual aid for a Youtube video that I will link here --------> HERE


The supporting text here won't fully explain my point.


The first thing to note is that we're used to the idea of description as a CHUNK. And this is how most new writers endeavor to employ it.

There are several reasons for this. Firstly, description very certainly can be delivered in chunks to good effect - though I would argue that the majority of description isn't, and nor should it be.

The second reason follows from the first. Given that there are effective chunks of description, it's clear that when it comes to talking about, remembering, and (most importantly) pointing at description, it's the chunks that will serve.

This creates the illusion that great/effective description is all chunks. 


Let's look at a couple of examples of chunks. I've great respect for Alan Garner and read The Weirdstone of Brisingamen as a teen. The description below is from book 2 in that series (book 3 took 50 years to appear. Eat your hearts out Rothfuss/GRRM!). 

Moon of Gomrath, Alan Garner, 1963

“We ride! We ride!” Round heads of black hair they had, the same length at neck and brow, and their eyes gleamed darkness. They wore long-hooded, black cowls, and carried black, wide-grooved swords, well balanced for the stroke. The horses were black, even to the tongues. Wood and valley and stream swept by, field and hedge and lane, by Capesthorne and Whisterfield. three miles and more, Windyharbour, Withington, Welltrough, and there stood Broad hill, the Tunsted of old, and its pines flared red under the spear. “Wakeful are the Sons of Ormar! Wakeful Maedoc, Midhir, Mathramil! Ride, Einheriar of the Herlathing!” “We ride! We ride!” Their cloaks were blue as rain-washed sky, their yellow manes spread wide upon their shoulders five-barbed javelins in their hands, and their silver shields with fifty knobs of burnt gold on each, and the bosses of precious stones. They shone in the night as if they were the sun’s rays. The horses hoofs were polished brass and their hides like cloth of gold. Now the Einheriar were complete.


This was the last part of a larger block describing the long-awaited arrival of the Wild Hunt.

It's in a mythic style to suit the subject, which is a piece of high magic that's as old as the hills. It's in the style of a grand epic poem, like Beowulf maybe. The sort of thing Tolkien was channelling in The Silmarillion, "and lo, he smote his ruin seven times upon the mountainside" (I made that up). 

It's a chunk of description that I remember after many decades. And it's a temptation to cite it when people ask me how to do description well. I don't though.


Let's look at a piece published 35 years later:

A Clash of Kings, George RR Martin, 1998

Gods do not forget, and still the gales came raging up the narrow sea. Yet Storm's End endured, through centuries and tens of centuries, a castle like no other. Its great curtain wall was a hundred feet high, unbroken by arrow slit or postern, everywhere rounded, curving, smooth, its stones fit so cunningly together that nowhere was crevice nor angle nor gap by which the wind might enter. That wall was said to be forty feet thick at its narrowest, and near eighty on the seaward face, a double course of stones with an inner core of sand and rubble. Within that mighty bulwark, the kitchens and stables and yards sheltered safe from wind and wave. Of towers, there was but one, a colossal drum tower, windowless where it faced the sea, so large that it was granary and barracks and feast hall and lord's dwelling all in one, crowned by massive battlements that made it look from afar like a spiked fist atop an upthrust arm.


This is a section of description of a castle and follows a longer chunk of setting the castle's existence in terms of the book-world's mythology and history.

This is all good. GRRM's a world builder, he needs to do a lot of heavy lifting, and this is an evocative engaging description, setting the place historically, and then giving us physical descriptions, along with a visual description at the end from a known character.

HOWEVER ... many writers see this as something to aim at all the time, not realising the reason they're invested in the story is the description they were hardly aware. The reason they'll sit and read about made up castles and made up history is that they've been hooked by the story, the characters, the world already. The description that's responsible for that has largely slipped into their minds unremarked upon. It's been fed to them in easily digestible slivers, scattered across page after page, it's been constructing the characters and the world quietly in their minds the whole time they were reading up to this part deep within a book.


So, finally - let's look at two examples of description by great writers. This time it's not in a single memorable chunk that we can point others at and marvel at. 

The thing about description is that, discounting these show-piece chunks, it should always be doing two things at once. Description is not a disembodied process. Even in these chunks, someone has chosen what features to remark upon and how to frame them in words.

Within the body of a book, each piece of description is generally delivered to us through the lens of a point-of-view character. The things that the character notices, the words / similes / metaphors that they use to deliver them to us ... all these things can illuminate the character just as effectively as they illuminate the object or scene being described. And that's a good thing. Something every writer should strive to make the most use of.

The details the character notices can speak to the fundamentals of that character, and to the specific interests they have at the moment of the encounter. One character might see a man and notice the broadness of his chest, the tightness of his buttocks. Another might notice whether he was armed or not, whether he seemed alert, nervous etc. Another might be reminded of someone similar - a relative, a lover, a prison guard. And so on and so forth - the description says plenty about them whilst delivering some elements of the subject under scrutiny.

Moreover - this kind of description is often spliced throughout a text, delivered in a line here, a line there, short observations that slowly add resolution to a building picture. Description of this sort is often delivered as it becomes important. In our initial description of a new person we might not say whether they're armed or not. But later, when the situation becomes tense, then the PoV's gaze might wander the person, hunting for a weapon.


NOTE: In both these extracts I've concentrated on showing how the description of the setting is laced through the text, returned to here and there, built upon, reinforced. But don't be misled into thinking that this is all that's going on here. The authors are doing this ALL THE TIME to EVERYTHING. The whole text is a great interwoven bundle of this sort of description, interspersed with the occasional flashy island of what we generally think of as description.


Because this sort of description is not located in one easily identifiable chunk, people don't tend to carry examples of it around in their heads. To locate the text below I thought of a great writer (Bancroft) of a situation in one of their books where we enter a new location (a party at a grand house) and then went to look at it.

It was my first choice - there are probably many better examples.

Consider the chunk description above as the showy elements of a car, the chrome grill, the spirit of ecstasy that tops it off. The description I'm talking about here is the engine. Without it you have a pretty object that's going nowhere.


In the text below I've looked only at description of the location. I've highlighted in yellow any description of the house that's 'general'. In orange, any description that directly involves the PoV character (the eponymous Senlin in this case). So, the first orange section is Senlin noting the butlers, and it seems he did so because their livery makes him uneasy. Immediately, we're given description that's specific to the PoV and their concerns. If Senlin were an interior design specialist, hoping for a commission, he might be noticing the colour schemes, curtains, plaster mouldings on the ceiling etc. He isn't, and he doesn't.

Highlighted in cyan is a piece where I can't directly tie a simile to the PoV. That's not a error/problem/fault. It tells me that Senlin has experienced a gorge, just as the first line tells me he's been in a forest and knows about oak trees. But it's not description that relates to or enlarges upon things I already know about him. I know he's a school teacher, so if he were to describe things here in terms of chalk boards and classrooms then that would get coloured orange.

But the main thing to note here is that, yes, we have an initial burst of description, as we should. But moving on, we get repeated small additions, that are delivered when they are relevant and of importance to the PoV. 

We don't slap down a large chunk description and say "job done", then move on and talk just about what happens in the great hall. We are constantly reminded about the setting and the elements of it as we go. Building and elaborating on a sense of place, that feels living and grounded.


Senlin Ascends, by Josiah Bancroft, 2013, Chapter 7, 


They joined the line of guests flowing through the doors, which were tall as oak trunks and stationed with butlers in white bibs and black tails. Senlin found their livery all too familiar. 

The vestibule seemed to stretch up about them like the walls of a gorge. Guests flung cloaks and overcoats at butlers, who were disappearing under the heaps. Brilliant electric chandeliers painted everyone with a halo, the light both beautiful and unnerving. He had read a little about electricity, had even seen a few crude models of generators which spat out sparks, short as an eyelash, but he’d never seen and hardly imagined electricity used in such abundance. 

The high walls of the great lobby were shingled with artwork; the gilded frames began at the wainscot and climbed to the ceiling. This salon arrangement was crowded, but showed the hand of a curator. Indeed, the hall seemed more like the wing of an overstuffed museum than the entrance of a residence. As museums went, it outshone the most fabulous he’d ever seen. 

Stationed intermittently along the wall, customs agents stood like lead soldiers, expressionless and severe, each holding the leash of a small, hairless dog. The crowd thinned here, as guests were careful to give the watchful dogs a wider berth. The breed most resembled a terrier in size and shape, though their naked pink skin piled and hung grotesquely at their jowls and haunches. The dogs, Ogier had explained the night before, were used to screen guests before they were allowed to enter the Commissioner’s atmosphere. 

The Commissioner’s allergies were legendary. He was so sensitive, a single boutonniere in a shared room was enough to send him into a fit of sneezing and wheezing. If the dogs detected any trace of perfume, or tonic, or pollen, or any other pollutant, they would growl and nip at the offender, who would be unceremoniously frog-marched out the door and not invited to return. Such had been Ogier’s fate. His skin and clothes were permanently suffused with scent from living over a perfumery. He wasn’t allowed within a hundred feet of the Commissioner. 

Senlin and Tarrou had carefully scrubbed themselves and their clothes in preparation for the evening. Though, Ogier had assured him, being scentless did not guarantee safe passage. The Commissioner had been known to feign an allergic attack when annoyed by someone in his company. He would say that some whiff, imperceptible to even the dogs, tickled his nose. The Commissioner was quite proud of his sensitivity. It was this that first inspired Senlin’s plot. 

The slow pace of the procession, and the constant elbowing and shouldering that resulted, drove Senlin to seek the refuge of observational study. He scanned the works of art they shuffled past, all of which were sealed under glass to keep the paint from off-gassing into the Commissioner’s atmosphere. All styles and subjects were represented in the collection. Senlin recognized several of the artists from the rudimentary art lectures he gave his students. 

Beyond the hall, a wide stair curled up to an immense ballroom. The glare from teardrop chandeliers made the pink marble columns and floors gleam like a carrousel. Black silk banners, emblazoned with a gold astrolabe, hung on the walls. Senlin had never seen the flag before, and he didn’t know what country it belonged to. 

A string quintet played an exuberant waltz while couples bowed, spun and fairly smashed together on a dance floor that was overrun on all sides by spectators. He’d never seen anything like it. This was not like the crowds that piled around the dozy shore in the morning. There was no chance of blending in here. Everywhere he looked glances were being thrown, stares were being leveled, winks delivered; it was a great ogling madness. Through it all, butlers ferried silver trays of champagne flutes and hors d'oeuvres with the imperviousness of sleepwalkers. 

Bouts of high laughter challenged the music’s dominance in the room. A yellow-haired woman climbed onto a grand piano, sitting unplayed under a white sheet near Senlin’s corner of the room. She hiked up the thick membranes of her petticoats, showing her white bloomers in a display of such vulgar gaiety, it made Senlin wince. His out of place expression made him stand out, and she locked her gaze on him, and with an expression between coy and aggressive, cupped her bust and pressed until her cleavage overflowed like a loaf in a bread pan. He tried to conceal his revulsion with a tight smile. The woman bit her thumb at him. Tarrou hissed at him to stop grimacing at everyone like a ghoul. He would’ve fled had it not been for Tarrou gripping his arm and forging a path onward, inward, deeper into the convulsing heart of the gala. 

Tarrou moved through the party as if it were his own. He slapped men on the back, rallied pouting couples with bawdy jokes, and pestered every passing servant for a drink. He was, it seemed to Senlin, born for bedlam. Senlin worried that Tarrou would forget the plan and fall entirely into the arms of his old society. But amidst his flirtations, Tarrou continued to tug the Headmaster through collapsing gaps in the crowd, moving them ever nearer their goal. 

As agreed, Tarrou escorted Senlin to the spot where Ogier’s masterpiece hung, lonely, between the balcony doors. The enormous balcony seemed to attract young dandies and adventurous women. They flew in and out like swallows from a barn. But there was a small gap in the migration where the painting hung, and it was here that Tarrou finally deposited Senlin. 

“I might be gone a little while. I have a lot of hands to wrench and bygones to rehearse. I haven’t shown my face at one of these comedies in months. Be patient. Take a drink. Take three.” And with that, Tarrou disappeared into the mass of skirts and coat tails. 

He felt as if he’d found the party’s fireplace, and the thought reminded him unexpectedly of Edith. He flinched at the memory. Behind him, dancers careened with unsteady elegance. He turned his attention to Ogier’s painting. He stared into it as if it were a fire. 

The painting was, as he’d been told it would be, small: fourteen inches tall and eight inches wide. The thick gilded frame, which doubled the painting’s size, almost enveloped it. The style was immediately recognizable as Ogier’s. A young girl in braids and a white swimming dress faced the blue reservoir. The water stood just at her ankles. Other bathers stood further out, but she seemed removed and alone. The girl was the subject and the center of it all. Her back was turned at the viewer. Even without seeing her face, Senlin could sense her hesitation. She seemed to be deciding whether to go further out or stay near the shore. A bright, white paper boat dangled loosely from one hand. Though the mirrored light was dazzling, the girl’s dark shadow spread under her like a hole. She seemed to hover over deep water. It was odd and beautiful... 

He was startled from his reverie by Tarrou’s broad hand on his shoulder. He turned to face a small, slight man in a closely tailored gray suit. The cuffs of his pants were set so high that his socks showed. A lock of sterling hair, delicate and stiff as a fishing hook, curled on his formidable forehead. His eyes were the color of wet mortar, and his pale, wax-white skin made him look like a black and white print of a man. “Mr. Senlin,” the man began in a high, sing-song voice, “I hear I have you to thank for Tarrou’s reappearance. You’ve done what a dozen invitations could not.” He stamped his boot and gave Senlin a little ironic bow. 

“May I present his imminence, the Commissioner Emmanuel Pound,” Tarrou said with a grander, more swelling bow, though it seemed to Senlin every bit as ironic as the Commissioner’s. Senlin had been warned against trying to shake the hypersensitive Commissioner’s hand and so he bowed too, but as sincerely as he could. Coming up again, he said, “You have a most fantastic collection, Commissioner. I congratulate you.” 

“Yes. This Ogier is a favorite.” He pronounced, Ogier’s name differently than the artist, hardening the “g” and making the whole sound like it was being gagged upon. “Appraised at three hundred mina.” The amount was staggering. Senlin could’ve built a second and third schoolhouse for the amount. “A bargain, I know. It’ll double in value, I promise you, before I’m done with it.” The Commissioner tapped his lower lip as if it was a secret and he was taking Senlin into his confidence. Senlin doubted that the Commissioner wanted any estimate of his fortune kept secret, but he tapped his own lip just the same. He wanted to win the man’s confidence, so he would play the parrot. “Tarrou tells me you are an art scholar?” the Commissioner said, leaning backward as if to study Senlin from a new angle.

“I have penned a few essays.” Senlin then went on to expound, peppering his speech with little proofs of his expertise. He knew enough to affect an accomplished art scholar, though really most of what hung on the walls was new to him. When the Commissioner mentioned a particular artistic movement Senlin wasn’t familiar with, he vehemently dismissed the entire thing as hack-work. It was a tactic his poorer students used; they mocked the subjects they’d failed to study. 

The Commissioner quickly agreed. “I don’t trust critics who like everything. If everything is good, nothing has any value. Without garbage, there is no gold, is it not so?” “Absolutely true,” Senlin lied. “But this piece,” he turned again toward Ogier’s painting, “‘Girl with a Paper Boat,’ this is something remarkable. The character of your local light seems to have inspired a novel style. It’s primitive, perhaps, but evocative and precise in its way.” 

“I agree. I have impeccable taste.” the Commissioner said and signaled Senlin to continue with a slight roll of his wrist. 

“I would love to write an essay on its novel palette. Here, for example...” Senlin leaned nearer the thick pane that sealed Ogier’s painting, and as the Commissioner leaned in to follow his point, Senlin affected a series of abrupt, spasmodic sneezes. 

Horrified, the Commissioner flew backward into Tarrou with his arms thrown over his face. Gray eyes bulging from his smooth doll’s head, he shrieked for his guard. The barks of his dogs rang over the noise of the room

Gasps and stifled cries rippled through the waltzers. The band stumbled, faltered and sawed to a halt. Blue-breasted agents appeared from several directions. Very quickly, Senlin found that he was surrounded. One of the agents presented the Commissioner with a pewter tray that carried a black rubber gas mask. Two gold foil filters protruded from the cheeks of the mask like blunt tusks. With the deftness of a reflex, the Commissioner Pound fitted the mask over his head and cinched it tightly against his face. Dark lenses, large as the lids of jam jars, hid his eyes. The Commissioner had gone from obvious to impenetrable in the span of a few seconds. How could Senlin pander to a man who had no visible expression? There was no time to fret over it. 

Senlin hurried to explain: “I’m not ill, Commissioner, I assure you. I’m only sensitive to scent.” He produced a handkerchief and blew his nose delicately, almost noiselessly. “This may sound absurd, but I think someone has gotten perfume on your painting.” Senlin dabbed at his eyes, sneaking a glance at the Commissioner as he performed. He saw nothing behind the blackened lenses. The mask distorted the Commissioner's breathing, even as he threatened to hyperventilate. The room seemed to be listening and leaning in. 

The Commissioner’s breathing gradually returned to an even swell and whoosh. After a moment more, he uncurled and raised a single finger, signaling the ensemble to resume their play. The music broke the tension in the room: a laugh escaped, the woman atop the piano gave a tentative kick, and the party recommenced. Everyone, it seemed to Senlin, was quite accustomed to the Commissioner’s fits and had learned to handle them efficiently. 

Still in his gas mask, the Commissioner exited onto the large balcony, the agents sweeping Tarrou and Senlin along behind him. Since his fate wasn’t clear, Senlin tried to appear as if this were all part of a tour. The young men and women canoodling along the parapet saw the agents and the masked Commissioner and quickly drained back into the ballroom. 

When the Commissioner finally removed his mask, Senlin found that the diminutive and allergic tyrant was scrutinizing him. He held the expression of a man squinting into a heavy wind. “It seems we share more in common than just our appreciation of the Arts,” the Commissioner said at last. Senlin fought to remain straight-faced, though a chill ran up from his stomach to the top of his scalp. Of course he hadn’t smelled even a trace of perfume on the painting, but he gambled that the Commissioner would go along with the charade rather than risk his standing as the Bath’s most sensitive nose. Hoping the man’s vanity extended even to his failings, he had made a contest of a flaw. 

“As ingenious as Ogier’s work is, it has all been tainted by perfume. His studio lies above a lady’s boutique. All his work is soaked to the atom in scent. I’d hoped the glass would contain it. A pity. I will have to sell it before it’s had time to mature.” Pound straightened his collar and waved the agents away with another roll of his wrist. 

“Commissioner Pound,” Senlin hurriedly interjected. “The work may be salvageable.” 

“I’m sorry, Professor Senlin, but I don’t take risks when it comes to my sinuses.”  

“Then allow me. Let me suggest a simple deodorizing process. A technique I’ve necessarily had to learn.” Senlin dabbed his handkerchief at the corner of one eye. “If it doesn’t work, then auction the work. But it would be a pity to lose it unnecessarily.” 

The Commissioner returned the stiff silver lock on his forehead to its former glory, the rubber gasket of his terrible gas mask having upset its shape. “I am suspicious of good samaritans, Mr. Senlin.” 

“I have ulterior motives, of course. While the painting is being defumed, I’d like to study it and, with your endorsement, write an essay on it.” Senlin tried to sound as if he were making a minor confession. 

“I don’t feel comfortable releasing my property to strangers.” 

“I would not ask to, Commissioner. In fact, the process I have in mind requires only sunlight. Direct exposure to sun, I’ve learned, neutralizes almost any pollutant, though with paintings the exposure must be managed to avoid bleaching and craquelure.” Craquelure was one of the more obscure painting terms he had gleaned from his studies. He used it now to establish his credentials, and it seemed to have the desired effect: the Commissioner smiled. “Perhaps, you could rope off a little corner at one of your skyports...” 

The smile vanished, replaced by a scowl, straight as a mail slot. “The port? Out of the question. It’s impossible to secure. Beside the professional sinners, the pirates and smugglers, there is a whole host of amateur cretins: imbeciles, drunks, henchmen, lapdogs, whores, spoonsnatchers...” The Commissioner did not so much conclude his list as douse it with the tipping back of a champagne flute he snatched from a tray. This paranoid litany reminded Senlin of the charges he’d heard read before the boy was wrenched in two by the Red Hand. 

Despair welled within Senlin. His whole plan depended on this point; he had to separate the Commissioner from Ogier’s painting, had to get it out in the open and away from the agents and their cannons and vigilant dogs. Failing this, the rest of his plot was a useless ravel. 

Tarrou gave Senlin a discrete smirk, which he took to say, See how the plot collapses, Headmaster! Look at your three-legged, two-headed horse try to run! 

“Commissioner, if I may.” Tarrou swept his hat, which resembled a poisonous mushroom cap, from his head and genuflected. “There are many ways to cook an egg. As I recall, you own a little portion of the sun. Your solarium! Good for entertaining, yes, but also very secure. You once told me it was accessible only through the Bureau Building. Don’t your men have barracks there? What could be more secure? The professor can take his notes and watch the sun do its work.” Tarrou seemed very pleased with the suggestion, though Senlin hardly shared his enthusiasm. He wasn’t familiar with the Customs Bureau Building, but he didn’t like the sound of it. 

“It’s not an idiotic suggestion,” the Commissioner said, and Tarrou continued to charm him: the professor could act as their canary in the gold mine: when he no longer felt the tickle of perfume, the painting would be declared fit for the Commissioner’s air. 

The Commissioner was soon persuaded. He invited Senlin to his Solarium in the morning. “I’ll tell my men to expect you. I will desire a copy of your book, once it’s published,” the Commissioner said in parting, sliding now towards other guests inside his mansion. “I trust I’ll get a mention in the credits.” 

“I will dedicate it to your generosity,” Senlin said, smiling as he bowed.



And to finish, let's look at another setting description from another fabulous writer. This from Alix E Harrow's The Ten Thousand Doors Of January, 2019.

Here again, I'm just looking at the location (a hotel) and how it's returned to in tiny moments over the course of several pages.

Note that Harrow's opening description gives us the PoV's excellent sense of humour / voice: "hadn't ever met one in real life" + "man-shaped dog". And reflects the PoV's familiarity with this lifestyle - dropping into hotels, being an encumbrance that needs to be handed off. Nice use of senses other than sight - Bancroft had a lot of 'sound', here we have smell.


As was his custom, Mr. Locke had taken rooms for us in the nicest establishment available; in Kentucky, that translated to a sprawling pinewood hotel on the edge of the Mississippi, clearly built by someone who wanted to open a grand hotel but hadn’t ever met one in real life. There were candy-striped wall-paper and electric chandeliers, but a sour catfish smell seeped up from the floorboards.

Mr. Locke waved past the manager with a fly- swatting gesture, told him to ‘Keep an eye on the girl, that’s a good fellow,’ and swept into the lobby with Mr. Stirling trailing like a man-shaped dog at his heels. Locke greeted a bow-tied man waiting on one of the flowery couches. ‘Governor Dockery, a pleasure! I read your last missive with greatest attention, I assure you – and how is your cranium collection coming?’

Ah. So that was why we came: Mr. Locke was meeting one of his Archaeological Society pals for an evening of drinking, cigar smoking, and boasting. They had an annual Society meet-ing every summer at Locke House – a fancy party followed by a stuffy, members- only affair that neither I nor my father was permitted to attend – but some of the real enthusiasts couldn’t wait the full year and sought one another out wherever they could.

The manager smiled at me in that forced, panicky way of childless adults, and I smiled toothily back. ‘I’m going out,’ I told him confidently. He smiled a little harder, blinking with uncertainty. People are always uncertain about me: my skin is sort of coppery-red, as if it’s covered all over with cedar sawdust, but my eyes are round and light and my clothes are expensive. Was I a pampered pet or a serving girl? Should the poor manager serve me tea or toss me in the kitchens with the maids? I was what Mr. Locke called ‘an in-between sort of thing.’

I tipped over a tall vase of flowers, gasped an insincere ‘oh dear,’ and slunk away while the manager swore and mopped at the mess with his coat. I escaped outdoors (see how that word slips into even the most mundane of stories? Sometimes I feel there are doors lurking in the creases of every sentence, with periods for knobs and verbs for hinges).

The streets were nothing but sun baked stripes crisscrossing themselves before they ended in the muddy river, but the people of Ninley, Kentucky, seemed inclined to stroll along them as if they were proper city streets. They stared and muttered as I went by.

An idle dockworker pointed and nudged his companion. ‘That’s a little Chickasaw girl, I’ll bet you.’ His workmate shook his head, citing his extensive personal experience with Indian girls, and speculated, ‘West Indian, maybe. Or a half- breed.’ I kept walking. People were always guessing like that, categorizing me as one thing or another, but Mr. Locke assured me they were all equally incorrect. ‘A perfectly unique specimen,’ he called me. Once after a comment from one of the maids I’d asked him if I was colored and he’d snorted. ‘ Odd-colored, perhaps, but hardly colored.’ I didn’t really know what made a person colored or not, but the way he said it made me glad I wasn’t.

The speculating was worse when my father was with me. His skin is darker than mine, a lustrous red- black, and his eyes are so black even the whites are threaded with brown. Once you factor in the tattoos – ink spirals twisting up both wrists – and the shabby suit and the spectacles and the muddled-up accent and – well. People stared.

I still wished he were with me.
I was so busy walking and not looking back at all those white faces that I thudded into someone. ‘Sorry, ma’am, I —’ An old woman, hunched and seamed like a pale walnut, glared down at me. It was a practiced, grandmotherly glare, especially made for children who moved too fast and knocked into her. ‘Sorry,’ I said again.

She didn’t answer, but something shifted in her eyes like a chasm cleaving open. Her mouth hung open, and her filmy eyes went wide as shutters. ‘ Who – just who the hell are you?’ she hissed at me. People don’t like in-between things, I suppose. I should have scurried back to the catfish-smelling hotel and huddled in Mr. Locke’s safe, moneyed shadow, where none of these damn people could reach me; it would have been the proper thing to do. But, as Mr. Locke so often complained, I could sometimes be quite improper, willful, and temerarious (a word I assumed was unflattering from the company it kept).

[here I miss out about 4 pages]

I wanted to fight him. To argue, to snatch my diary out of the dirt – but I couldn’t.

I ran away instead. Back across the field, back up winding dirt roads, back into the sour- smelling hotel lobby.

And so the very beginning of my story features a skinny-legged girl on the run twice in the space of a few hours. It’s not a very heroic introduction, is it? But – if you’re an in-between sort of creature with no family and no money, with nothing but your own two legs and a silver coin – sometimes running away is the only thing you can do. And anyway, if I hadn’t been the kind of girl who ran away, I wouldn’t have found the blue Door. And there wouldn’t be much of a story to tell.

 

The fear of God and Mr. Locke kept me quiet that evening and the following day. I was well watched by Mr. Stirling and the nervous hotel manager, who herded me the way you might handle a valuable but dangerous zoo animal. I amused myself for a while by slamming the keys on the grand piano and watching him flinch, but eventually I was shepherded back into my room and advised to go to sleep.

I was out the low window and dodging through the alley before the sun had fully set. The road was scattered with shadows like shallow black pools, and by the time I reached the field, stars were shimmering through the hot haze of smoke and tobacco that hung over Ninley. I stumbled through the grass, squinting into the gloom for that house-of-cards shape.

The blue Door wasn’t there.
Instead, I found a ragged black circle in the grass. Ash and char were all that remained of my Door. My pocket diary lay among the coals, curled and blackened. I left it there.

When I stumbled back into the sagging, not-very-grand hotel, the sky was tar-black and my knee socks were stained. Mr. Locke was sitting in an oily blue cloud of smoke in the lobby with his ledgers and papers spread before him and his favorite jade tumbler full of evening scotch.




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Saturday 13 August 2022

Shelfish Opinions: 1

 Continuing the Youtube theme - making these videos is also giving me blog material.


I decided that I would move on from critiquing people's writing to critiquing people's writing, but now the writing is whole books, and the critiquing is cursory opinion, and the selection is made by my (mostly) alphabetised shelves.

Since I have a great many fantasy shelves, this could be a new recurring feature that will hit dozens of episodes.

Let's see how it goes.

Imma present one shelf at a time and just talk my way through the titles there, saying if I've read the book and briefly, what I thought of it. It's worth noting that I'm not responsible for the purchase/acquisition of the majority of the books on our shelves. My wife's an avid fantasy reader, and my children have been also at various points in their lives.


Shelf 1:

(the whole thing is too much to read the titles easily, so I've broken it up below)



Bit by bit:

So, we start with four books by Ben Aaronovitch, The Furthest Station, The Hanging Tree, Foxglove Summer, and Lies Sleeping. I've not read any of them. My wife's the fan of the series.

Then there are four books by Joe Abercrombie. Half A King, Half A War, Half A King (again ... so a whole king together), and The Blade Itself. Why do we have two halves of a king? Because Voyager send me ARCs, and my wife pays no attention and buys the book again later. 

I've not read any of these either. There are many gaps in my fantasy reading, and I'd not read Rothfuss, Sanderson, Lynch, and many other big sellers before getting published (I still haven't read Jordan and some others). Since very early on there were a number of people online saying that I'd in some way copied Abercrombie, it's become a purposeful omission. I like being able to answer any such accusation with the fact I've never read him, without have to qualify it with (before writing Prince of Thorns). There's nothing personal in it - I've met Joe at three Grim Gatherings, he's an amiable and witty fellow. And I don't think he's read my books either.

And the last one in this shot is Blood And Bone by Tomi Adeyemi ... who I've also not read. So I'm 0 for 9 on my own shelf here. This may not have been as good an idea as I thought it was!


Ah! Song of the Morning, by Mark Alder! I've read this one. Pretty sure I was sent it by his publisher back in 2013. It's pretty good. Some great prose - I recall an excellent early line about a hawk rotating the world around it. 

Looked it up: "A kestrel, silver in the dusk, turned the world around its wing. A beat, a flutter, a sudden and momentary fury. It tumbled, stopped, and hovered almost motionless, its wings wide, possessing the land."

It's a fat book concerned with medieval France and England. The time of the Black Prince etc. With angels and devils thrown into the mix of politics and war, in an interesting mix of historical fiction with a kind of magical realism - a what if devil and angels were real and had been part of all this, acknowledged and used by/using the various parties.

I actually thought the 'historical' parts were the best, and floundered a little on the angels/devils. But it was a good read over all. There's a follow up I never reached - I read a lot of book 1s and rather few book 2s. Not because I'm hard to please but because I read very slowly and want to sample a broad range, not sink a year into one author.

Next up, Margaret Atwood's famous The Handmaid's Tale. I've not read it 😄

The Skinner, by Neal Asher, is one I have read, probably back in 2011. Asher was one of the first to review Prince of Thorns (on his blog) and was very positive about it, so I investigated his work. I enjoyed the book. I'm not a great scifi reader, but Asher's universe seems packed with cool ideas, and I particularly liked the super hostile planet where the wild life comes in a great number of really dangerous forms that try to eat/destroy each other along with any new additions to the food chain, whether they count as food or not.

Then we have the complete Paternus trilogy by Dyrk Ashton. Paternus, Wrath of the Gods, War of the Gods. I've read book 1, Paternus. It came 3rd in the 2nd SPFBO contest (that I run). It's a heap of fun - basically every mythology you've ever heard of, and a lot you haven't, are real and their gods/monsters run riot in the real world (whilst not disrupting it too much).

I've met Dyrk too - he came to Bristolcon (from America!) a few years back. Lovely guy. Has been in major films too, as aliens and zombies!

The other two books I should read. Just need time.

Black Cross by J.P Ashman is another self-published book. J.P I know from Bristolcon, a nice chap. His book I remember for having an enormous number of PoVs ... like 20 maybe? A monster-fighting romp.


Everworld by Katherine Applegate is a book I didn't know we had! Never heard of her.

The final 9 books are by Issac Asimov. They include two copies of Foundation And Earth, and a boxed set of 4 Foundation books. Also Nine Tomorrows, The Stars Like Dust, Mutants, The Robots of Dawn, and a collection of short stories.

It's been at least 40 years since I read any Asimov. I did read and enjoy the Foundation books, while recognising that they are pretty dry with paper-thin characters. And The Stars Like Dust was one of my earliest sci-fi reads. I recall liking it, and not one other thing about it. It's sad that not only can I not read all the books, or even a good chunk of the books on my own shelves ... but I can't even remember all the books I've read.

Ah. Mortality.




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Friday 12 August 2022

Youtube if you want to.

Look at me spitting out posts like they're watermelon seeds!


This one is just to say that I have finally bitten the video bullet.


After posting my first Youtube video (in which I do not feature) 11 years ago:


I have finally appeared on one, and not merely blessed the multitudes with my face ... I speak too!


I have posted two videos on "Perfecting Page 1" - aimed at writers.

In due course I plan to post some reviews, thoughts, who knowns, and maybe even swell my subscriber numbers past double figures 😮

Here are the two I've done this week (sadly in the second I forgot to plug in my new £35 microphone, so the audio is a bit 1950s):







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Thursday 11 August 2022

Page 1 critique - "Children of Gods and Fighting Men" by Shauna Lawless

So, I've decided to reprise my series of page 1 critiques - you can read about the project HERE, and there's a list of all the critiques so far too.

I'm also posting some of these on my Youtube channel (like, subscribe yadda yadda).

And it was after seeing my first video that the writer of this page, Shauna Lawless, volunteered her page 1.   

It's worth noting that I have read, reviewed, and very much enjoyed the book Children of Gods and Fighting Men, from which this page 1 comes. The book is due for publication in a few weeks (September 1st 2022).

First of all I'm going to cut and paste the disclaimers, and anyone prone to outrage really should read them:

It's very hard to separate one's tastes from a technical critique. There are page 1s from popular books with which I would find multiple faults. I didn't, for example, like page 1 of Terry Goodkind's Wizard's First Rule (I didn't pursue the rest of the book). But that book has 150,000+ ratings on Goodreads, a great average score of 4.12 and Goodkind is a #1 NYT bestseller. His first page clearly did a great job for many people.

I'm not always right *hushed gasp*. You will likely be able to find a successful and highly respected author who will tell you the opposite to practically every bit of advice I give. Possibly not the same author in each case though.

The art of receiving criticism is to take what's useful to you and discard the rest. You need sufficient confidence in your own vision/voice such that whilst criticism may cause you to adjust course you're not about to do a U-turn for anyone. If you act on every bit of advice you'll get crit-burn, your story will be pulled in different directions by different people. It will stop being yours and turn into some Frankenstein's monster that nobody will ever want to read.

Additionally - don't get hurt or look for revenge. The person critiquing you is almost always trying to help you (it's true in some groups there will be the occasional person who is jealous/mean/misguided but that's the exception, not the rule). That person has put in effort on your behalf. If they don't like your prose it's not personal - they didn't just slap your baby.


I've flicked through some of the pages looking for one where I have something to say - something that hopefully is useful to the author and to anyone else reading the post.


I've posted the unadulterated page first then again with comments inset and at the end.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Amlav’s armour, sword and axe gleamed as if new. His beard, washed and bathed in lavender-scented oils, glistened in the soft candlelight and curled elegantly over his chest.

I leaned forward and rubbed my finger over his lips, down his cheek, until I touched the wolf-fur cloak which covered the stone slab he lay upon. Only a stray lock of hair that had fallen across his forehead marred the effect. The nuns had dressed him well, but it was my duty, as his wife, to ensure he crossed over to the afterlife looking like a king. I pushed the curl back, sweeping it into line with the others.

Once satisfied, I smiled.

Lying down, eyes closed, had always been the way I preferred Amlav. But this was better. Death had a finality that sleep could only imitate.

Death suited him in other ways too. His right hand had stiffened to grip his sword tighter than I’d ever seen him hold it in life. He’d been a warrior once, true enough, but by the time my father inflicted this marriage upon me, Amlav had been almost seventy, his fighting days over. When his armies left Dublin to fight the Irish, he had gone with them, but I knew when the battle was at its worst, he sat on his fat horse while our warriors drew their swords. Well-deserved, the warriors said, for Amlav’s reputation preceded him. The number of men he’d slain in his prime numbered over a thousand. No one dared to call him coward – only old.

Sinking into the chair next to Amlav’s body, I waited for the abbot to arrive. The monks had taken an age to dig the grave, rain and storms hindering them from their work. Last night, finally, they finished. I almost pitied them, though pity was wasted on the clergy. They’d chosen a life where misery was a virtue. If they felt closer to God by freezing to death on this hateful piece of rock, who was I to tell them otherwise? Not even the gold crosses that Amlav had gifted the monks, and which now adorned the altar, could give this miserable hovel any glamour, and somehow, the morning sunshine seeping in through the windows made the stone walls look more tomb-like than when lit by candlelight alone.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


First, it's worth noting that this page one does not do several things that I offer as 'things to do on page 1' in general advice. And since this is a very good page 1, that fact speaks to the truth of my oft repeated qualifications regarding my way not being the only way.

Two principle things it does not do, which I advise generally, are (i) include dialogue (ii) include action/tension/a problem.

These things are 'generally' advisable early on, page 1 is great, chapter 1 'generally' a must. Lawless keeps us waiting til page 3 for dialogue, but then it's a full-fledged conversation.

I said in my review that the book is an understated one, and noted that there's considerable power in understatement in expert hands. And this relatively gentle opening fits with that.

The advice I've offered on earlier page 1's is intended to be easy to follow and bring good results. This page 1 succeeds using more sophisticated, and harder to achieve, methods.

So, onto the page 1. Let's see why it works 


Amlav’s armour, sword and axe gleamed as if new. His beard, washed and bathed in lavender-scented oils, glistened in the soft candlelight and curled elegantly over his chest.

Line 1 just shows us something. I'm pretty neutral on it. At least it's not the weather, and the presence of weapons and armour could promise excitement.

By line 2 we're getting a slightly off-kilter feeling. Washed beards and lavender oils in soft candlelight don't normally live next to armour and axes. A subtle question has been posed. Off-kilter is good. It's a "what's going on?" in a good way. 

I leaned forward and rubbed my finger over his lips, down his cheek, until I touched the wolf-fur cloak which covered the stone slab he lay upon.

The author is keeping us on our toes by subverting minor expectations a second time. I was reading about Amlav, a bearded warrior. But now I discover he's not the 3rd person Point Of View (PoV) character. Instead the PoV is first person, and watching Amlav. Touching him in a curiously invasive manner. More questions.

 Only a stray lock of hair that had fallen across his forehead marred the effect. The nuns had dressed him well, but it was my duty, as his wife, to ensure he crossed over to the afterlife looking like a king. I pushed the curl back, sweeping it into line with the others.

More revelations. Amalav's dead - earlier strangeness explained. The PoV is a woman. The setting is beginning to fill itself in despite the author having spent almost no words on it. By slowly expanding and changing our awareness Lawless has created an implied setting in our heads without needing to spend words describing it to us. A dead king, dressed by nuns, candles, a stone slab. I'm thinking some sort of chapel, a king lying in state, ready for burial/cremation.

Once satisfied, I smiled.

And again, the author continues her series of small surprises, expectations subverted/contradicted. A newly dead husband, but she's smiling.

Lying down, eyes closed, had always been the way I preferred Amlav. But this was better. Death had a finality that sleep could only imitate.

We're learning about their relationship now, but without being 'told' it in an inelegant statement "I never liked my husband." or "I was glad he was dead. We didn't get on." etc - instead observations on his state in well-written prose 'show' us.

Death suited him in other ways too. His right hand had stiffened to grip his sword tighter than I’d ever seen him hold it in life. He’d been a warrior once, true enough, but by the time my father inflicted this marriage upon me, Amlav had been almost seventy, his fighting days over.

More observation and brief facts that through the reader's understanding of arranged marriages in times of swords and axes tell us a lot. It seems clear that she was much younger than her husband. The word "inflicted" is very efficient, speaking volumes. We don't need paragraphs here, just enough hints to reconstruct the likely situation. We feel grounded.

 When his armies left Dublin to fight the Irish, he had gone with them, but I knew when the battle was at its worst, he sat on his fat horse while our warriors drew their swords. Well-deserved, the warriors said, for Amlav’s reputation preceded him. The number of men he’d slain in his prime numbered over a thousand. No one dared to call him coward – only old.

Plenty of world-building here - 'leaving Dublin to fight the Irish' either raises questions or answers them, depending on the level of your understanding of the period/place. If he's in Dublin and isn't Irish then it seems he's a Viking king, an invader.

-- as an editing point, that "the number ... numbered" is a bit awkward and the line could be reworked to avoid the repetition.

We also see a hint that our PoV's, perhaps understandable, antipathy is not well contained. If the man has killed 1000+ warriors in person in battle, it's hard to consider him a coward, but she rather implies he should be called cowardly for sitting out the hand-to-hand stuff in his old age. 

Sinking into the chair next to Amlav’s body, I waited for the abbot to arrive. The monks had taken an age to dig the grave, rain and storms hindering them from their work. Last night, finally, they finished. I almost pitied them, though pity was wasted on the clergy. They’d chosen a life where misery was a virtue. If they felt closer to God by freezing to death on this hateful piece of rock, who was I to tell them otherwise? Not even the gold crosses that Amlav had gifted the monks, and which now adorned the altar, could give this miserable hovel any glamour, and somehow, the morning sunshine seeping in through the windows made the stone walls look more tomb-like than when lit by candlelight alone.

And finally we get more scene-setting observation - which is ALWAYS much better than scene-setting absent a PoV. Always make description come through the eyes of someone with opinions, thereby illuminating both the place/thing and the person. The more "stuff" that writing can deliver, comfortably, in a small space, the better it is. It's more nourishment/excitement per line. If you were to separate out the description from the opinion here and deliver them separately, it would take more space and be far less digestible.

We get hints that our PoV is perhaps not a very agreeable person. Her situation hasn't been great but she also comes across as spiky. That's good too. It suggests that we're not getting a vanilla goody-goody here. We might be getting someone with edges who is going to be proactive and maybe even cause trouble. All to the good - I want to know more about her and her situation. Is she going to rule now? Is she in danger? Who will fill the throne?


It's a strong page 1 that pulls you through from line 1 to the bottom of the page by relentlessly edging the boundaries of our understanding outwards, all the while keeping us on our toes by, if not pulling the rug out from under our expectations, then by giving it a good yank on a regular basis.

Confounding expectations is a powerful technique. The first line of my book Red Sister is often quoted, and the strength there comes from confounding expectation.

"It is important, when killing a nun, to ensure you bring an army of sufficient size."

The 'nun' being the object of important advice about 'killing' is a surprise. We might expect a dragon or a lion or something traditionally fearsome. And expectation is upended a second time when instead of being told to bring a sharp knife or make sure nobody's watching ... we're told to make sure we have a big enough army.

A page one that spreads that effect out across five paragraphs and a series of minor shocks, can work very well too.

 

The rest of the book is written with similar skill and I recommend you give it a read.